Exploring light neutron-rich nuclei: First observation of oxygen-28

The study of physical systems under extreme conditions offers valuable insights into their organization and structure. In nuclear physics, neutron-rich isotopes, especially the light ones with neutron-to-proton ratio significantly different from that of stable nuclei, provide stringent tests of modern nuclear structure theories. These isotopes exist as very short-lived resonances, decaying through spontaneous neutron emission.

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Researchers formulate 'golden rules' for controlling alignment of supermoiré lattices

National University of Singapore (NUS) physicists have developed a technique to precisely control the alignment of supermoiré lattices by using a set of golden rules, paving the way for the advancement of next generation moiré quantum matter.

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The first observation of neutrinos at CERN's Large Hadron Collider

Neutrinos are tiny and neutrally charged particles accounted for by the Standard Model of particle physics. While they are estimated to be some of the most abundant particles in the universe, observing them has so far proved to be highly challenging, as the probability that they will interact with other matter is low.

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The race to build the world's smallest atomic clock, again

Yuan-Yu Jau is on a quest to build the world's smallest atomic clock, a device that measures time with extreme accuracy. If successful, he and his team at Sandia will have made one smaller than a sugar cube.

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Researchers reveal electronic nematicity without charge density waves in titanium-based kagome metal

Electronic nematic order in kagome materials has thus far been entangled with charge density waves. Now it is finally observed as a stand-alone phase in a titanium-based Kagome metal, a team of researchers led by Boston College physicists reported recently in Nature Physics.

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Unraveling complex systems: The backtracking dynamical cavity method

In physics, a "disordered system" refers to a physical system whose components—e.g., its atoms—are not organized in any discernible way. Like a drawer full of random socks, a disordered system lacks a well-defined, ordered pattern due to various factors like impurities, defects, or interactions between components.

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Hard-of-hearing music fans prefer a different sound

Millions of people around the world experience some form of hearing loss, resulting in negative impacts to their health and quality of life. Treatments exist in the form of hearing aids and cochlear implants, but these assistive devices cannot replace the full functionality of human hearing and remain inaccessible for most people. Auditory experiences, such as speech and music, are affected the most.

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Ringing protons give insight into early universe

In the middle of the last century, physicists found that protons can resonate, much like a ringing bell. Advances over the last three decades have led to 3D pictures of the proton and significant insight into its structure in its ground state. But little is known about the 3D structure of the resonating proton.

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Researchers publish new results from dark boson searches

Located at CERN's North Area and receiving beams from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), the NA64 and NA62 experiments search for dark matter, complementing searches at the LHC, as they cover a different energy range. Both experiments have recently published new results. The research is published on the arXiv preprint server.

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In preparation for DUNE, scientists examine modern nuclear theory for neutrino oscillation physics

The U.S. particle physics community is preparing for a major research program with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). DUNE will study neutrino oscillations. These quantum mechanical oscillations are only possible because neutrinos have mass, albeit it very small masses.

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A new 'spin' on ergodicity breaking

In a recent Science paper, researchers led by JILA and NIST Fellow Jun Ye, along with collaborators JILA and NIST Fellow David Nesbitt, scientists from the University of Nevada, Reno, and Harvard University, observed novel ergodicity-breaking in C60, a highly symmetric molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms arranged on the vertices of a "soccer ball" pattern (with 20 hexagon faces and 12 pentagon faces).

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Unlocking the mysteries of freezing in supercooled water droplets

Clouds are a lot cooler than you might think. In fact, scientists might say they're super cool because they're made up of millions of supercooled water droplets, droplets that have been cooled below the freezing point but haven't yet turned into ice. When these droplets freeze, they can accelerate freezing of the whole cloud through a process called secondary ice production. This is a rapid, complex process that happens across different time and length scales.

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Inclined drops: New model allows description of slipping drops

The behavior of drops on surfaces is of interest for a variety of applications. However, properties such as velocity, friction or shape on inclined surfaces depend on a large number of parameters—their behavior is still not completely predictable by theories. Researchers led by Hans-Jürgen Butt of the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research have now tackled this problem and developed a simple phenomenological model that allows them to accurately predict the path of a drop.

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Magnonic computing: Faster spin waves could make novel computing systems possible

Research is underway around the world to find alternatives to our current electronic computing technology, as great, electron-based systems have limitations. A new way of transmitting information is emerging from the field of magnonics. Instead of electron exchange, the waves generated in magnetic media could be used for transmission, but magnonics-based computing has been (too) slow to date.

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Revolutionary hardware unveils new quantum computing model

A potentially game-changing theoretical approach to quantum computing hardware avoids much of the problematic complexity found in current quantum computers. The strategy implements an algorithm in natural quantum interactions to process a variety of real-world problems faster than classical computers or conventional gate-based quantum computers can.

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Using supernovae to study neutrinos' strange properties

In a new study, researchers have taken an important step toward understanding how exploding stars can help reveal how neutrinos, mysterious subatomic particles, secretly interact with themselves.

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Why tiny metal droplets take longer to solidify into glass: Fundamental observation in materials science

Most people who hear the word 'glasses' will probably think of drinking glasses or corrective eyewear. Hardly anyone will think of metals. But metallic glasses, or 'amorphous metals' as they are also known, are playing an increasingly important role in both scientific research and technology.

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Theoretical and experimental physics team up in the search for particle flavor change

An important recent discovery in physics came from measuring neutrinos—neutral, weakly interacting particles—produced by the sun. Nuclear reactions in the sun produce only electron neutrinos. According to the standard model, neutrinos come in three distinct "flavors" (electron, mu, and tau). Scientists originally thought neutrinos to be massless, but they recently discovered that neutrinos have mass.

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Riding a wave to better medical diagnostic imaging

Medical imaging via X-rays, CT scans, MRIs and ultrasounds provide health-care professionals with unique perspectives and a better understanding of what's happening inside a patient's body. Using various forms of waves, these machines can visualize many unseen ailments and diseases.

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New way to read data in antiferromagnets unlocks their use as computer memory

Scientists led by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) investigators have made a significant advance in developing alternative materials for the high-speed memory chips that let computers access information quickly and that bypass the limitations of existing materials.

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Muon g-2 experiment result represents world's most precise measurement yet of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon

The Muon g-2 collaboration has announced their much-anticipated updated measurement. The new result aligns with the collaboration's first result, announced in 2021—and it's twice as precise. In fact, it's the most precise measurement ever made using a particle accelerator.

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Is there new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics? Our finding will help settle the question

Despite its tremendous success in predicting the existence of new particles and forces, the standard model of particle physics, designed over 50 years ago to explain the smallest building blocks of nature, isn't the complete "theory of everything" physicists have been longing for.

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Astronomers search for dark matter annihilation at the center of the Earth

Dark matter is one of the thorniest mysteries of modern cosmology. On the one hand, astronomers have gathered a wealth of supporting evidence through galaxy clustering statistics, gravitational lensing, and cosmic microwave background fluctuations, on the other hand, there are no particles in the standard model of particle physics that could account for dark matter, and we haven't been able to detect its effect locally.

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Muon g-2 doubles down with latest measurement, explores uncharted territory in search of new physics

Physicists now have a brand-new measurement of a property of the muon called the anomalous magnetic moment that improves the precision of their previous result by a factor of 2.

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Scientists studying fluid dynamics explore mechanism at work in interfacial tension

Scientists have conducted a study of the interface between two liquids, focusing on a force called interfacial tension. Their numerical simulation helped them better understand the mechanism at work in interfacial tension. This work contributes to the understanding of interfacial fluid dynamics. It offers potential applications in a variety of fields ranging from oil recovery to medical use.

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Demon hunting: Physicists confirm 67-year-old prediction of massless, neutral composite particle

In 1956, theoretical physicist David Pines predicted that electrons in a solid can do something strange. While they normally have a mass and an electric charge, Pines asserted that they can combine to form a composite particle that is massless, neutral, and does not interact with light. He called this particle a "demon." Since then, it has been speculated to play an important role in the behaviors of a wide variety of metals. Unfortunately, the same properties that make it interesting have allowed it to elude detection since its prediction.

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Researchers dig deep underground in hopes of finally observing dark matter

Physicists like me don't fully understand what makes up about 83% of the matter of the universe—something we call "dark matter." But with a tank full of xenon buried nearly a mile under South Dakota, we might one day be able to measure what dark matter really is.

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Physicists demonstrate how sound can be transmitted through vacuum

The classic film "Alien" was once promoted with the tagline "In space, no one can hear you scream." Physicists Zhuoran Geng and Ilari Maasilta from the Nanoscience Center at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, have demonstrated that, on the contrary, in certain situations, sound can be transmitted strongly across a vacuum region.

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Unique high-energy electron Xtallography project completes conceptual design review

A world-first instrument, High-energy electron Xtallography Instrument (HeXI), combining the power of electron diffraction with X-ray beamline expertise is being built by a team at Diamond Light Source, the UK's national synchrotron. On July 20, 2023 they confirmed the successful completion of the conceptual design review for the Mega-electron Volt (MeV), beamline-grade instrument.

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Gravitational waves may reveal nature of dark matter

Observations of gravitational waves from merging black holes may reveal new insights about dark matter, suggests a new study from a UCL-led international team.

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Electrons now moving through the superconducting accelerator that will power SLAC's X-ray laser

After more than a decade of work, electrons are now flying through a new superconducting accelerator at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, preparing to power the world's most powerful X-ray free electron laser. This project—named the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II)—is now steps away from releasing X-ray flashes that will open a new era in scientific research at that atomic level.

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Uncovering the Auger-Meitner effect's crucial role in electron energy loss

Defects often limit the performance of devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The mechanisms by which defects annihilate charge carriers are well understood in materials that emit light at red or green wavelengths, but an explanation has been lacking for such loss in shorter-wavelength (blue or ultraviolet) emitters.

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Lab repeats nuclear fusion feat, with higher yield

US scientists responsible for a historic nuclear fusion breakthrough say they have repeated the feat—this time achieving a greater yield of energy.

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Scientists observe first evidence of 'quantum superchemistry' in the laboratory

A team from the University of Chicago has announced the first evidence for "quantum superchemistry"—a phenomenon where particles in the same quantum state undergo collective accelerated reactions. The effect had been predicted, but never observed in the laboratory.

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New world record: Thinnest-ever pixel detector installed

The Belle II cooperation project at the Japanese research center KEK is helping researchers from all over the world to hunt for new phenomena in particle physics. The international experiment has now reached a major milestone after a team successfully installed a new pixel detector in its final location in Japan.

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New radar research overcomes nearly century-old trade-off between wavelength and distance resolution

New interference radar functions employed by a team of researchers from Chapman University and other institutions improve the distance resolution between objects using radar waves. The results may have important ramifications in military, construction, archaeology, mineralogy and many other domains of radar applications.

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In some materials, immutable topological states can be entangled with other manipulable quantum states

Rice University physicists have shown that immutable topological states, which are highly sought for quantum computing, can be entangled with other manipulable quantum states in some materials.

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Correlation between neutron pairs observed in helium-8 nuclei

Atomic nuclei consist of nucleons such as protons and neutrons, which are bound together by nuclear force or strong interaction. This force allows protons and neutrons to form bound states; however, when only two neutrons are involved, the attractive force is slightly insufficient to create such a state.

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